Longevity & Cellular Health

Carnosine

Last updated 12 August 2026

Evidence on file3 randomised human trials · 3 human observational studies · 3 animal studies · 1 citation not yet graded

Strongest sourceEffects of carnosine supplementation on physical endurance: a placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial. (randomised human trial)

Dosing on file unverified

2-5 g/day (divided doses); MTD: 10 g single dose; 15 g caused 77% adverse events

Carried from a source that labels it unverified, and reproduced with that label attached. A record of what is reported, not a recommendation. No citation on this page establishes it.

Literature on file 10

human RCT
Effects of carnosine supplementation on physical endurance: a placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial. graded on: names a randomised controlled trial — “randomized clinical trial”
animal in vivo
Histidine, carnosine, and ergothioneine attenuate pyrazole/LPS-induced hepatotoxicity through modulation of CYP2E1, Nrf2, and NF-κB signaling in mice. graded on: an animal model — “mice”
animal in vivo
Carnosine-Related Metabolism in Rat Cardiomyocytes and Human Heart Tissue. graded on: an animal model — “Rat”
animal in vivo
The Role and Mechanism of Carnosine in Alleviating Type 2 Diabetic Sarcopenia in Mice Through PI3K/AMPK/PGC-1α Signaling Pathway. graded on: an animal model — “Mice”
human observational
NCT00810368: Carnosine Versus Placebo Treatment Study in Gulf War Illness (GWI) graded on: a registered clinical study — “clinicaltrials.gov”
human observational
NCT03314987: Nucleophilic Defense Against PM Toxicity graded on: a registered clinical study — “clinicaltrials.gov”
human observational
NCT02686697: A Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study on the Effects of Combined L-Carnosine and Cognitive Training on Cognition in Schizophrenia graded on: a registered clinical study — “clinicaltrials.gov”
human RCT
NCT04430998: Efficacy of a Zinc-L-Carnosine -Based Mouth Rinse on Periodontal Tissues and Pain After Scaling and Root Planing - a Randomized Clinical Trial; a Randomized Controlled Trial graded on: names a randomised controlled trial — “Randomized Clinical Trial”
human RCT
NCT03467438: Efficacy of Zinc L-carnosine (Hepilor®) in Maintaining Remission of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: a Randomised, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study graded on: a randomised study — “Randomised, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study”

Not graded

1 citation whose study design could not be read from the title. Left ungraded rather than guessed at.

not graded
Carnosinylation of Cardiac Antigens Attenuates Immunogenic Responses and Improves Function in Failing Hearts.

Identity

Space-filling 3D model of Carnosine, carbon grey, nitrogen blue, oxygen red — Built from the SMILES on this record — the atoms, bonds and stereochemistry are exact. The shape is **one computed low-energy pose**, not a measured structure: a flexible peptide in solution has no single conformation. The skeletal formula below claims connectivity and nothing more, which is what we actually know.

2D chemical structure of Carnosine — Built from the SMILES on this record — the atoms, bonds and stereochemistry are exact. The shape is **one computed low-energy pose**, not a measured structure: a flexible peptide in solution has no single conformation. The skeletal formula below claims connectivity and nothing more, which is what we actually know.

Molecular weight: 226.23
Molecular formula: C9H14N4O3
CAS number: 305-84-0
PubChem CID: 439224
InChI key: CQOVPNPJLQNMDC-ZETCQYMHSA-N
SMILES: C1=C(NC=N1)C[C@@H](C(=O)O)NC(=O)CCN
InChI: InChI=1S/C9H14N4O3/c10-2-1-8(14)13-7(9(15)16)3-6-4-11-5-12-6/h4-5,7H,1-3,10H2,(H,11,12)(H,13,14)(H,15,16)/t7-/m0/s1

Notes unverified prose

NEAT trial: 2 g/day for up to 12 weeks; RCT n=299 used 2 g/day; NEAT trial (2 g/day)

Not on file 1

1 of the 8 fields we track hold nothing on this record, and each says why. A blank field is a bug; a named absence is a finding.

amino-acid sequencenot applicable to this compound

Each field links to every other record missing the same thing. The full ledger holds 521 gaps across 136 records.