Immune & Antimicrobial

Thymulin

A zinc-dependent thymic signal for immune-stress research.

Last updated 12 August 2026

Studied forT-cell maturation · Immune-stress balance · NK-cell support

Evidence on file2 animal studies · 1 in-vitro study · 4 citations not yet graded

Strongest sourceThymulin restrains age-associated myeloid inflammation and enhances cancer immunotherapy. (animal study)

Mechanism

Supports T-cell differentiation, NK-cell activity, and neuroendocrine immune crosstalk.

Reported effects

What sources associate with this compound. Reported categories, not outcomes we have graded — each would need its own citation and rung.

T-cell maturation
Immune-stress balance
NK-cell support

Dosing on file unverified

5-10 mg daily, cycled 1–2 weeks

Reported dose	Volume	Draw
Low — 5 mg	1 mL	100 units
High — 10 mg	2 mL	200 units

What that assumes. Assumes 10 mg in 2 mL (5000 mcg/mL) drawn on a U-100 barrel — the preset on this record, not a recommendation and not the only way to mix it. Change the vial mass, the diluent or the barrel and every number in this table changes. Run your own.

Carried from a source that labels it unverified, and reproduced with that label attached. A record of what is reported, not a recommendation. No citation on this page establishes it.

Reconstitution

Vial	Diluent	Concentration	Typical dose	Draw
10 mg	2 mL	5000 mcg/mL	5000 mcg	100 units

mass ÷ diluent = concentration; dose ÷ concentration = volume; volume × the syringe factor = units on the barrel (100 for U-100, 40 for U-40). Run your own numbers.

Literature on file 7

in vitro
Serum thymulin in human zinc deficiency (Journal of Clinical Investigation 1988, cited 272x) graded on: an in-vitro system — read from the indexed abstract — “assay”
animal in vivo
Thymulin restrains age-associated myeloid inflammation and enhances cancer immunotherapy. graded on: an animal model — read from the indexed abstract — “Mice”
animal in vivo
Protective effect of exogenous peroxiredoxin 6 and thymic peptide thymulin on BBB conditions in an experimental model of multiple sclerosis. graded on: an animal model — read from the indexed abstract — “Mice”

Not graded

4 citations whose study design could not be read from the title. Left ungraded rather than guessed at.

Identity

Space-filling 3D model of Thymulin, carbon grey, nitrogen blue, oxygen red — Built from the SMILES on this record — the atoms, bonds and stereochemistry are exact. The shape is **one computed low-energy pose**, not a measured structure: a flexible peptide in solution has no single conformation. The skeletal formula below claims connectivity and nothing more, which is what we actually know.

2D chemical structure of Thymulin — Built from the SMILES on this record — the atoms, bonds and stereochemistry are exact. The shape is **one computed low-energy pose**, not a measured structure: a flexible peptide in solution has no single conformation. The skeletal formula below claims connectivity and nothing more, which is what we actually know.

Molecular weight: 858.9
Molecular formula: C33H54N12O15
CAS number: 78922-62-0
PubChem CID: 71300623
InChI key: LIFNDDBLJFPEAN-YTAPOSPOSA-N
Sequence: XAKSQGGSN
SMILES: C[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)N)C(=O)NCC(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)N)C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@@H]1CCC(=O)N1
InChI: InChI=1S/C33H54N12O15/c1-15(39-29(55)18-6-8-24(50)40-18)27(53)42-16(4-2-3-9-34)30(56)45-21(14-47)32(58)43-17(5-7-22(35)48)28(54)38-11-25(51)37-12-26(52)41-20(13-46)31(57)44-19(33(59)60)10-23(36)49/h15-21,46-47H,2-14,34H2,1H3,(H2,35,48)(H2,36,49)(H,37,51)(H,38,54)(H,39,55)(H,40,50)(H,41,52)(H,42,53)(H,43,58)(H,44,57)(H,45,56)(H,59,60)/t15-,16-,17-,18-,19-,20-,21?/m0/s1

Classified as

Thymic Immune Modulationmechanism: This holds some of the oldest peptide literature on the site, much of it decades old and to standards that would not pass review today. The rung is doing real work here rather than decorating an already strong record.
Subcutaneousroute: This is the route the reconstitution arithmetic assumes. Mass divided by diluent volume gives concentration, dose divided by concentration gives volume, and volume in mL multiplied by 100 gives units on a U-100 barrel: 5 mg in 2 mL is 2.5 mg/mL, and 0.25 mg comes out at 0.1 mL, which is 10 units.

Also called

Thymulin

Notes unverified prose

No FDA approval; no validated human dose; no characterized human safety profile; no human clinical trials

Not on file 0

All 8 tracked fields hold a value on this record: molecular weight and formula, CAS number, PubChem CID, amino-acid sequence, SMILES, InChI and InChI key.

Counted from the record itself, not from what a source said it was missing. 136 of 185 records still have at least one empty.